Borehole pumps are now indispensable in most suburban areas. After all, it is wells in the modern society of summer residents or residents of country houses that provide approximately 85% of the liquid.

1.1 Features of installation depending on the type of pump

So, pumps that are created for ordinary domestic water supply are most often divided into (that is, internal) and surface. Directly to the submersible type pumps most often include well, as well as downhole equipment. Interestingly, they are completely immersed in water during operation.

Their main function is to raise the required water from great depths. As for surface pumps, they are used to draw water from a relatively shallow depth (maximum depth is eight meters). They are installed only separately from the main source of water supply.

Many may try to do it, but if a centrifugal type device is required, then difficulties may arise. Borehole pumps (in this case we are talking about their horizontal arrangement) are often used to draw water from various rivers or any other open types of reservoirs.

This option is perfect for people who do not have the opportunity to drill a well, and the water source is far from home. In this case, you need to select a mechanism with high power ratings.

It should be noted that borehole pumps differ in a number of quite significant advantages and pluses:

• Long service life;
• Very low noise level;
• The complete absence of rubbing parts;
• Ease of connection (even if you wanted to do it yourself);
• Significant depth of water intake, which is unacceptable for many other types and types of pumps.

If you decide to carry out the installation of a borehole pump yourself, then it is worth remembering that this process will require certain knowledge in this area.

The main thing is to carry out the installation of a centrifugal submersible pump carefully and competently, because all future use will depend solely on the correct arrangement of equipment purchased or made by oneself.

Remember that an error during the installation of a pump, including a centrifugal or deep type, a violation of technology, as well as the use of cheap materials, can lead to various negative consequences in the future. These include:

• Impossibility of lifting the pump unit during dismantling;
• Premature failure;
• Breakage of communications of the pumping mechanism.

All this can lead to the impossibility of further connecting it, so a diagram can help here, which can tell in detail how to do everything correctly.

If your downhole pump simply gets stuck, then its further use will be under serious threat, after which all organizational work on the implementation of the arrangement and drilling of the well itself will have to be started all over again.

2 How to install a borehole pump?

So, after a careful and painstaking selection and purchase of the necessary devices, the subsequent installation of a borehole pump refers to the second, very important stage of completing the well.

It is worth remembering that the pumping unit must be placed in the well you created below the water mark. But here it is important to measure one meter to the bottom so that during the operation of your equipment there is no capture of soil and sand that have settled on the bottom. After a certain time, they can accumulate in large volumes in the well, or rather at its bottom.

For this reason, the immersion depth is extremely important, even if a centrifugal or submersible pump is used. However, in most cases, the immersion depth is automatically adjusted by special automatic floats. In the event of a critical drop in the water level from the source, the float will immediately turn off the device.

For subsequent connection, together with the pump, a special plastic tube or hose is also carefully lowered into the well. It is on it that the water further rises. Further, the scheme is simple - an electric cable for an electric motor is fixed and, of course, a safety rope, which is placed on the head of the created well.

A pipe for supplying water and protected must be connected or brought into the house. For further sealing of the very mouth of the created structure, a head is used.

It is important to know that during the installation of water equipment it is worthwhile to ensure the organization of the so-called check valve in advance. It is he who will perform the function of protecting the system from dangerous water hammers. If you want to ensure the autonomy of the entire system, the cables for power supply can be connected to a hydraulic accumulator that will generate the required energy.

The water supply from the caisson to the house must be laid in the ground in advance. The most important thing here is that it be below the level of freezing, that is, at a depth of not less than 1.5 meters.

Before installing or submersible pumping equipment, a thorough cleaning of a new well should be carried out, all water should be pumped out, and good preparation should be carried out. If you make sure that the well is completely free of various extra particles, including sand, you can start connecting.

The further scheme does not require special knowledge - the pump is lowered into the well, a special start-up mechanism is installed, and then the necessary adjustment processes begin.

2.1 How to install a well pump? (video)

Alexei 05.01.2015 Pumping stations

Owners of private households prefer tap water, which is most often very poor in taste, clean, extracted from a deep well.

This requires special equipment, as well as the help of specialist drillers. After all, it is impossible to dig a well manually, especially if you are interested in drinking, and not technical water.

But the arrangement of the future source of life-giving moisture does not end there. Having completed all the preparatory work, including such as installing and installing a pump in a well, they proceed to the main stage of testing the equipment’s performance and analyzing the resulting water.

But in order for the result to meet your expectations, it is necessary to complete all stages of equipment installation with the utmost accuracy.

What is a well pump

This equipment is used for pumping water. Its main feature is the need to immerse the unit in water during operation. At the same time, it can raise water to the surface from a depth of up to 400 meters. The device of borehole pumps is quite complex; high-tech engineering solutions are used in their creation.

Types of pumps

There are several types of this equipment:

• deep;
• For wells;
• Downhole.

The former have a high cost due to the complex design. Well pumps are used for reservoirs with a shallow depth, so they are technically simpler and, accordingly, have a lower cost.

Downhole models are submersible type pumps. They are installed in boreholes and shaft wells and are used to pump water from various depths.

The cost of installing such a pump in a well is quite high. This must be taken into account when choosing. Structurally, they consist of a multistage centrifugal pump and an electric motor with a rigid shaft connection, also of a submersible type.

Watch the video, types of pumps:

Such equipment has a cylindrical shape and small dimensions, which allows them to be used even in narrow wells. They are able to provide the necessary pressure of water from the most remote sources. There are two types:

• centrifugal;
• Vortex.

The former have a design of a large number of steps, which allows them to be used to supply water containing mechanical impurities. While the vortex ones are designed exclusively for pure liquid without any additives.

The model is usually chosen taking into account the depth of the well, the maximum demand and the required pressure.

Which pump to choose

In order to pump drinking water from a well, one of two types of equipment is usually used: deep or surface. The first must be completely immersed in water, so the installation is carried out according to a certain scheme. The second is usually located on the ground.

It pumps water by sucking it from the source, but the deeper the vein is, the more powerful the equipment must be. Therefore, surface equipment is usually used for wells and wells up to 8 meters deep. But at the same time, such a pump is very easy to install.

Watch the video, expert advice:

Submersible models are installed directly in the pipe, and they must be completely immersed in water. Their principle of operation is based on pushing liquid into pipes. Choose according to the height to which the equipment will have to push the water. Its installation is much more complicated, and it is not very easy to choose the necessary modification. However, most wells have a great depth, so submersible ones are most often used.

Preparing for the installation of water supply equipment

The process of installing a deep pump depends on many factors:

1. Required pressure;
2. pressure;
3. Reliability;
4. Ease of use.

But before proceeding with the installation, it is necessary to determine how much the parameters of the equipment correspond to the dimensions of the well and choose a scheme for installing a borehole pump. In addition, the characteristics of the device are determined, the power of which must correspond to the required pressure and volume of water consumed.

For installation, you must purchase in advance:

• Pump;
• Stainless steel clips;
• Pipes;
• Fitting.

Pipes and rope should correspond to the immersion length plus 2-3 m in reserve. In order for the well to be constantly operated, a 220 V stabilizer is required.

Installation steps

pipe fixture

Installation begins with disassembly of the head. Its flange, together with the sealing ring, is put on the casing. Then measure the length of the cable and make two loops at its end. One of them is passed into the ear of the pump, and the second through the carabiner of the head.

The pump is installed in the well by holding it by the cable. It should be controlled that there is no twisting of the pipe with the cable and cable. At the same time, the latter are attached with special ties so that there is no sagging. After the dive has been made to the required depth, the end of the pipe is cut at a short distance from the head flange.

Watch the video, installation:

Installing a borehole pump is quite simple and you can handle it yourself. However, some nuances must be taken into account:

• Before carrying out installation work, the well must be cleaned;
• Water is pumped until the sediment in the form of sand disappears.

There is another important condition. The pump must be placed in the well in such a way that it does not reach the bottom of 1 m, but at the same time it is completely submerged in water. This setting guarantees the normal operation of the equipment.

Causes of failure and troubleshooting

If your pump began to vibrate during operation or the tone of the noise it produced changed, pressure pulsations appeared, then you need to contact specialists. Maybe he's out of order. There can be many reasons for this, they are divided into several groups:

• Mechanical;
• Control systems;
• Hydraulics.

And although manufacturing defects are usually identified in the process of preparation and trial run, but not all. Some of them may appear after some time of operation.

Example installation and scheme of a borehole pump:

In addition, during the operation of the pump, wear of some parts occurs, such as bearings, sealing elements and rubber parts of the couplings. They lead to the changes described above.

Some of them can be fixed on your own. For example, if the housing is depressurized, disconnect from the power supply and remove the electric motor from the housing. Next, a magnet is taken out and small grooves are cut over its entire surface. Then it is lubricated with sealant and placed back into the housing using a press. After drying, the pump is assembled and placed back into the well.

But since malfunctions can be very different and not all of them can be fixed at home, it is better to entrust this process to professionals.

Installing a pump in a well is a very important process, the correctness and quality of which depends on the duration of normal and uninterrupted operation of the equipment. The well pump is installed after the drilling and surface equipment of the well or well is completed.

Most often, there is not much space in suburban areas, so drilling a well is preferred to digging a well. The well itself does not take up much space, which cannot be said about the well, which is its huge advantage.

Water supply from the well can be carried out using the installation. In order to ensure the rise of water from the well, it will be necessary to install a borehole pump. In order to install a submersible pump with your own hands, you need to know the features of operation and connection of equipment.

The main characteristic properties of submersible pumping equipment are as follows:

• the possibility of creating a water pressure at the level at which its optimal extraction from the well and supply to the water supply system is ensured;
• high duration of uninterrupted operation;
• the cylindrical shape of the body, which provides a certain convenience during the installation process;
• some models are able to pump out from a well that has impurities in the form of sand and clay; such devices are made from materials that have high wear resistance.

Deep pumping equipment is distinguished by good workmanship and a high degree of reliability. These qualities have allowed these devices to gain high popularity and become in demand among the owners of country houses and summer cottages.

If the pump is stuck in the well, then pulling it out without damaging the device itself is quite difficult, without serious costs ...

The choice of pumping equipment for the well

The choice and installation of a borehole pump depends on a large number of factors:

• the location of the equipment;
• required pressure;
• coefficient of water pressure loss due to the occurrence of technological friction in the pipeline;
• the value of the pressure difference when turning off and on;
• equipment reliability;
• ease of use;
• cost of equipment.

For subsidiary farming and autonomous water supply of a country house or summer cottage, submersible pumps are selected according to the following parameters:

• dimensions;
• the power of the available power supply;
• performance;
• price.

The main technical criteria of the well:

• immersion depth, which is measured in meters, the value of this parameter characterizes the height to which the deep pump should raise water;
• the volume of water that enters the well per hour - an indicator characterizing the flow rate of the well, is measured in cubic meters, in accordance with this criterion, the power is selected.

The productivity should not exceed the productivity of the well, while at the same time the capacity of the equipment is sufficient to raise the water to the required height.

The reliability and durability of the operation of downhole equipment primarily depends on the correct installation in the well.

If you have the necessary amount of knowledge and skills, you can connect the borehole pump yourself. For do-it-yourself installation, you need to thoroughly study the methods and technologies for carrying out installation work and connection.

Each model has its own connection features. For this reason, the manufacturer attaches an installation diagram to the pump. The connection diagram contains sequential instructions for installing and connecting the equipment to the mains.

When making the connection, strictly follow the manufacturer's instructions. This will avoid difficulties and errors during the installation of the pump and breakdowns during operation.

Preliminary installation work

Before lowering the pump into the well, all its parameters should be measured. The main technical parameters are:

• depth;
• static and dynamic water level.

If everything is immediately clear with the depth and width, then not everyone knows what the statistical and dynamic water levels are. These terms are most often known only to professionals.

The dynamic potential affects the power of the device used and determines how much water the well is capable of delivering per unit of time.

The statistic indicates to what minimum height the pumping unit is capable of lifting water. It indicates the distance from the surface of the earth to the water level.

Before installing the pump in the well, you should decide how often the pump will be used. If frequent use is expected, then it makes sense to bring a stationary power supply line for pumping equipment. In case of occasional use, it will be enough to use an extension cord with a socket to power the equipment.

When connecting an extension cord, please note that the power consumption of the device is quite high, so the extension cord must have a suitable cross section to prevent overheating and, as a result, a short circuit and fire.

Rules for the installation work

In order for the device to serve for a long time, when installing it, it is necessary to follow the connection technology. Before carrying out all installation operations, it is required to compare the technical characteristics of the pump with the characteristics of the well for their correspondence to each other.

After comparing the characteristics, you should take care of providing the equipment with power. Depending on the pump model, single-phase or three-phase current may be required. Before starting work on installing a submersible pump, you will need to prepare the following tools:

• safety rope;
• kit for creating a head;
• clamps made of stainless steel;
• hose;
• HDPE pipe;
• a set of necessary fittings;
• ball valve.

The cable and hose should be prepared so long that it is enough for the entire depth of the well.

Additionally, during installation, a voltage stabilizer is required. This is due to the high sensitivity of the equipment to voltage drops in the network.

If necessary, extend the cable for the power supply. The cable pieces should be connected to each other by soldering, this is required in order to improve the electrical contact between the cable pieces.

When building a cable, carefully connect the wires in accordance with their color.

A ball valve is installed at the exit of the pipe from the well and is used to regulate the flow.

It should be remembered that in the absence of water in the well, turning on the device in the power grid is prohibited.

Installation of equipment in the well

Before connection, the casing pipe is checked for irregularities, narrowing and curvature. All identified defects affect the functioning of the device and complicate the installation of the pumping apparatus.

Before installing a borehole pump, the well must be cleaned and pumped.

On the video, the installation of a downhole pump in a PVC casing pipe:

The installation of the pump can only be carried out after preparatory work has been carried out. In the process of connecting the pump, if its design does not provide for a check valve, it is recommended to install it yourself.

For convenience, the hose, power cable and safety cable are connected together with electrical tape. To seal the well, a head is installed on the surface, to which a safety cable is attached, and the pipe and cable for power supply are brought out.

Pipes are connected without the use of threaded connections, which reduces the level of impact on structural elements of corrosion processes that damage metal structural elements.

After the drilling of a well on a personal plot is completed, and the water in the mine is completely cleared of sand and clay, you can begin the final stage of arranging an individual water supply system - installing a borehole pump. Before carrying out installation work, it is necessary to choose the right pump, as well as buy the materials and fixtures necessary for connecting it.

Which pump is suitable for a well

The choice of pumping equipment begins with determining the type of model. All pumping units are divided into surface and submersible: the first are installed in close proximity to the water source, and the second must be completely immersed in the liquid during operation. Surface models are easy to maintain and their cost is somewhat lower, but most of these units are designed for a suction depth of 7-9 meters. In addition to conventional surface pumping stations, ejector-type installations are produced that are capable of lifting water from a depth of up to 25-40 meters. Their design requires immersion in the well not one, but two pipes - suction and pressure.

For deep wells, submersible models are considered a more suitable option. When choosing an electric pump, it is necessary to pay attention to the principle of operation of the equipment. Vibrating devices are not recommended to be lowered into the shaft. Installing such a pump in a well will lead to erosion and siltation of the source.

In cases where there is a significant amount of abrasive impurities in the water, you should opt for screw or screw pumps. They do not have high performance, but are resistant to sand, clay and lime. If the water contains no more than 0.15% solids, it is best to purchase a centrifugal unit. The device of a centrifugal borehole pump allows the supply of large volumes of liquid to a head height of up to 100 meters or more.

Many manufacturers produce models specifically designed for operation in deep wells. They are smaller in size, have protection against engine overheating, and are often additionally equipped with an electric cable and cable, the length of which corresponds to the maximum immersion depth.

Surface pumps are easier to install and cheaper than submersible models, but they are only effective for wells up to 8 meters deep.

An important parameter when choosing a model is the diameter of the case. It should be 15-20 mm smaller than the internal dimensions of the casing. Otherwise, the equipment may malfunction and fail much earlier than the period declared by the manufacturer. You should also pay attention to the features of the power supply of the unit. For household supply, the power of single-phase installations is quite sufficient.

Additional materials

The list of required materials depends on which well pump will be installed. For surface models, you will need a check valve with a filter and a suction hose to sink into the mine with a sufficient degree of rigidity. When using the ejector model, you will need to purchase two pipes with a diameter corresponding to the inlets of the pumping part.

To connect a submersible well pump with your own hands, you will need to purchase the following:

Cable for fixing the pumping unit in the mine. If the equipment is already equipped with a cable, you should check its length, make sure it is strong and resistant to moisture. The cord must be able to support 5 times the weight of the pump.

Electrical cable. The length of the cable is calculated so that it does not sag, but is not stretched either.

Pipe for connection to the water supply. Usually, the installation of the pump in the well is carried out using plastic pipes of the diameter corresponding to the outlet pipe. When choosing pipes, they take into account the distance to the water mirror: at a depth of up to 50 m, you can purchase plastic designed for a pressure of 10 bar, from 50 to 80 m - up to 12.5 bar, and over 80 you should choose a pipe that can withstand an impact of 16 bar. The pump is also connected to the well using metal pipes, but this option is more expensive, and the presence of connections between individual elements increases the likelihood of loss of tightness of the supply pipe and the formation of leaks.

Sturdy steel knot on the top of the shaft to secure the pump.

Fasteners for fixing the electric cable on the supply pipe.

Installation of surface equipment

Surface models are installed indoors (if the water source is located near the house) or in a previously prepared insulated well (caisson) near the mouth of the mine. The installation site must be level, it is recommended to additionally fix the unit with bolted connections.

Scheme of installing a pump in a well

How to properly connect a surface-type well pump? A non-return valve with a filter is put on the lower part of the suction pipe, the upper end is connected to the inlet of the pump part. Ejector models are equipped with an external unit, which is connected to the bottom of the pipes, the upper ends of the suction hoses are attached to the inlet pipes.

The suction pipeline must be completely sealed: when air is sucked in the pipe or at the joints between the blades of the impellers of the pump part, turbulences will be created that prevent the normal pumping of the liquid.

Usually, the connection scheme for a surface pump for a well includes:

• expansion membrane tank for constant maintenance of pressure in the system and mitigation of water hammer at the time of engine start;
• an automation unit that starts the engine when the pressure in the water supply drops and turns it off when the pressure rises to the specified parameters;
• filters for water purification from impurities.

All of these devices can be purchased separately or you can buy an already assembled pumping station, completely ready for connection to the water supply system. Before the first start-up, the pipe and the chamber with the impeller are filled with water.

The general scheme for installing a submersible pump and connecting all the necessary elements to the house water supply

The submersible pump is connected in several successive stages.

Preliminary work

Before installing the pump in the well, it is necessary to carefully check the barrel along the entire length. In cases where the requirements for drilling the mine were not met during excavation, there may be narrowing or curvature at the joints of the casing pipes. If the existing defects prevent the free passage of the housing of the submersible pumping unit, they must be eliminated.

To fix the unit, a strong steel frame should be made, which is put on the head of the well. A hole is drilled in it for fixing the cable.

Installation steps

Suspension system preparation.

Installation begins with assembly: a check valve is installed on the inlet pipe to prevent the outflow of water from the system when the engine is turned off, then, if necessary, a bowl-shaped filter is mounted to prevent abrasive impurities from entering the working part of the installation.

The assembled unit is connected to the supply hose using an adapter. To ensure tightness, it is recommended to use winding. The fastening cord is pulled through the eyelets provided in the case and is securely fastened. If the electrical cable is not provided in the design, it will also need to be connected to the device. At the same time, it is very important to provide reliable protection against moisture penetration: the connection is insulated with a heat-shrinkable tube, and on top of it - with a waterproofing sleeve.

The pipe, hose and cable are straightened along the entire length, and then connected together with clamps or clips, making sure that the cable is located more freely

Lowering the device into the shaft

After preparing the suspension system, you can proceed to lowering the unit into the well. Perform it slowly and extremely carefully, trying to ensure that the body does not come into contact with the walls of the casing. To protect the device and the walls of the shaft from damage, you can put a protective ring on the housing. It is only necessary to hold on to the fastening rope, while making sure that the hose and electric cable are not too tight.

There is little space left between the walls of the casing and the pump. Therefore, it is better to release the submersible pump into the well very carefully.

The depth of immersion depends on the filling of the well and the recommendations of the manufacturer. Before performing work, you must carefully read the instructions. As a rule, the optimal distance to the bottom should be at least 1 m, with a lower location, the likelihood of abrasive particles getting inside the device increases. The recommended distance from the upper part of the body to the water surface is at least 50 cm. After the pumping unit reaches the recommended depth, the cable is fixed to the frame.

Connecting a borehole pump

Before connecting the pumping equipment, a trench is dug from the house to the well, the depth of which will be greater than the freezing depth. A supply pipe and an electrical cable are laid in the trench. If it is not possible to bring communications at the same depth into the house, the exit located above the freezing level should be well insulated.

The connection scheme of the borehole pump is the same as that of the surface models: a hydraulic accumulator with an automation unit and filters for water purification are connected to the supply pipe, the cable is connected to the household power supply.

Properly performed installation of the pump in the well with your own hands will ensure long-term operation of the equipment and uninterrupted supply of water to the water supply system at home. When replacement or preventive maintenance is required, the pump can be easily lifted to the surface and lowered back into the shaft.

In order to provide a country house or cottage with the required amount of water used for domestic needs and for irrigating green spaces in a personal plot, a source of water supply is needed, which can be a well or well. If it is best to entrust the solution of issues with the arrangement of such a source to qualified and experienced specialists, then installing a pump in a well that will pump water out of it can well be done independently.

How to install the pump in an already prepared well? First of all, you need to purchase a device whose technical characteristics correspond to the parameters of the autonomous water supply system being equipped. Only if the pump is selected correctly, and the pump is properly installed in the well, can one count on the efficient and uninterrupted operation of such a device for a long period.

How to install a pump in a well and perform commissioning

After drilling a well, a casing pipe is installed in it, into which a deep pump is lowered. Before proceeding with the installation of a downhole pump in a well, you should make sure that there are no narrowings and curvature along the entire length of the inner surface of the casing pipe, which can not only complicate installation, but also significantly reduce the life of pumping equipment.

Before installing a submersible pump in a well, determine the difference between the inner diameter of the casing and the outer diameter of the hydraulic machine housing. If this difference is too small, then all the defects present on the inner walls of the casing will negatively affect the operation of the device. If the gap between the pump housing and the pipe walls is too large, it may cause equipment failure. The water pumped out of the well by a submersible pump must move at a sufficient speed to provide effective cooling of the pump, therefore, during installation, the clearance between its casing and the inner walls of the casing must be optimal. This value is usually indicated in the technical data sheet for each submersible pump model.

The installation of a submersible pump in the well is carried out using a polyamide cord, which is tied to the body of the hydraulic machine. When choosing such a cord for installing a pump in a well with your own hands, it should be borne in mind that this product must withstand a breaking load, the value of which is at least five times the weight of the installed pumping equipment. To eliminate the risk of suction into the inside of the hydraulic machine of the knot with which the polyamide cord is attached to its body, such a knot should be tied at a distance of about 10 cm from the inlet holes of the device, and the ends of the cord should be melted.

If the depth of the well into which the deep pump is installed does not exceed 10 meters, then in addition to the polyamide cord, when installing the pump, it is necessary to use a spring suspension tied to the body of the device. As such a suspension, which is necessary in order to dampen the vibrations of a working submersible pump, you can use a medical tourniquet or tape made of flexible rubber. However, wire or cable made of metal cannot be used in this function. This is explained by the fact that the elements of such a suspension, which are characterized by high hardness, can simply break the mounting holes on the pump housing.

The installation of a deep-well pump assumes that together with the hydraulic machine itself, which is installed in the well using a polyamide cord, a power cord and a metal-plastic pipe connected to the discharge pipe are lowered into the casing pipe. All three elements lowered into the well together with the pump (polyamide cord, power cord and pipe) are fastened together with an insulating tape, while the step with which such fastenings are made can be in the range of 70–130 cm. polyamide cord, pump power cable and pipe, should be at least 20–30 cm from the discharge pipe.

Since threaded connections reduce the strength of pipes, they try to install a borehole pump without using them. As a rule, the installation of a submersible pump in a well is carried out using flange-type connections, which are highly reliable and durable. Mounting bolts in connections of this type are inserted through the upper flange, and the nut is screwed onto it from below. The need to comply with such a recommendation is explained by the fact that if an unscrewed bolt falls into the well shaft, it will cause much more harm to it than a nut that has fallen into it.

Before installing a borehole pump, you must first measure how deep the water is in the underground source. To carry out such a measurement, a column of gas pipes is used, which is lowered into the well shaft through a hole in the base plate.

You should also know how to lower the pump into the well so as not to damage the device body during installation. When lowering the pump into the well, it is best to put a rubber ring on its body, which will protect it from damage when it hits the walls of the casing. After the submersible pump is lowered into the well to the required depth, the upper end of the suspension on which such a device is held is tied to a special crossbar fixed on the surface of the earth.

When equipping an underground water source with pumping equipment, it is important to know how to install a pump in a well, as well as how to properly connect such a device to the pipeline system that it will serve. Installation of a borehole pump, performed after the equipment is already at the required depth of an underground water source, is carried out according to the following algorithm.

• The upper end of the pipe connected to the pump discharge pipe is attached to the base plate, which the well is equipped with.
• If the pump design does not provide for a built-in check valve, then it is purchased separately for installation on the discharge line.
• In addition, it is necessary to install a valve, a branch elbow and a pressure gauge on the discharge pipe, with which the fluid pressure will be measured.
• After all of the above steps have been completed, it is possible to connect the elbow extending from the injection pipe to the pipeline itself, through which the water pumped out of the well will flow to the points of its consumption.

Before connecting a pump placed in a well to a power supply and control station for such a device, it is advisable to measure the resistance of the winding of its drive motor and an electric cable immersed in a liquid medium. You can perform such a procedure, which completes the installation of a borehole pump with your own hands, using a megohmmeter. After checking, the electric cable of the pump is connected to the control station. Then a test run of the installed equipment is performed.

How to determine the required source depth

The installation of a borehole pump must be carried out at a certain depth of the water source. When using a well as a source of water supply, the static and dynamic levels of the location of the pumped liquid medium in it are taken into account. Under the static level is understood the distance at which the mirror of water, which is in a calm state, is located from the surface of the earth. At the dynamic level, the water in the well is after it is pumped out.

Submersible pumping equipment, in order for it to function effectively and be efficiently cooled by the liquid medium it pumps, should be located in the well at a mark that is at least 30 cm below the dynamic level. If the thickness of the water layer allows, then it would be better if the installation of the deep pump is carried out at a level located 2–3 m below the dynamic level. It should be borne in mind that the pump installed in the well must be at least 1–2 m from its bottom.

Dismantling the deep pump

The need for dismantling due to pump failure can arise for a number of reasons, the most common of which are:

• improper installation of a submersible pump in the well;
• improperly selected elements of automatic control of pumping equipment;
• wrong choice of the hydraulic machine itself according to its power.

So, if a pump, originally designed to service wells with a depth of no more than 50 m, is used to lift water to a height of about 80 m, then repairs to such equipment may be required after a few months of its operation. The automation of this pump, set to a certain pressure of the pumped liquid medium, simply will not periodically turn off the device, as a result of which it will work with constant overloads and, accordingly, will quickly fail.